题干:
When some people don’t know much about a topic，they may not realise just how little they know.As a result，they may become overconfident and overestimate(高估) what they can do.A person might think he will get a B，for example，when he might not know enough to pass the test at all.The overconfidence has a name—the Dunning-Kruger Effect.
Charles Atwood，an educator at the University of Utah，was looking for possible reasons why some students at the university failed chemistry tests.He realised success for the students depended not only on what they knew but also on how much they didn’t know.If he wanted the students to improve，he would have to teach them to recognise the gaps in their knowledge.
Knowing just how bad they are in a subject may not help a student get better.Atwood thought lifting metacognition(元认知) might help the students to make sure where they needed help.Metacognition，according to Atwood，is assessing(评定) how you deal with a problem.That could help the students realise just how much chemistry they didn’t know so they could study accordingly.
To see if metacognition could work，Atwood studied two classes，which were taught chemistry in the same way.But students in one class were asked before each test how they thought they would perform(表现)．After each test，students in the class got their scores through a computer program.Then the program gave them some topics which they’d been especially bad at in the test.Then，they were guided into making a study plan that would prepare them for the next test.
After a term，the class that got the guided study did better in the chemistry course，especially those who had been the most overconfident in the beginning.In addition，they reported having stopped their dangerous overconfidence.
It’s no fun shaking students’ confidence，but in the long run，students will get a lot from Atwood’s method.Confidence has its advantages，but students want to be both confident and knowledgeable.
Why are some people affected by the Dunning-Kruger Effect?
解析:
推理判断题。由第一段中“As a result，they may become overconfident and overestimate(高估) what they can do.”可推知，受到邓宁-克鲁格效应影响，他们缺乏对自己能力的正确认识。故选D项。
How did Atwood help the students who failed chemistry tests?
解析:
细节理解题。由第四段中“But students in one class were asked before each test how...After each test，students in the class got their scores...gave them some topics which they’d been especially bad at in the test.Then，they were guided into making a study plan that would prepare them for the next test.”可知，阿特伍德让学生自我评估和接受测试结果的反馈，然后引导他们制定学习计划以准备下次测试，即通过帮助他们设定正确的学习目标助力学习，故选C项。
When were some topics given to the students in Atwood’s study?
解析:
细节理解题。由第四段中“Then the program gave them some topics which they’d been especially bad at in the test.Then，they were guided into making a study plan...”可知，在学生们制定计划之前给学生一些不擅长的话题。故选C项。
What is the author’s attitude towards Atwood’s applying metacognition to his study?
解析:
观点态度题。由最后一段中“...students will get a lot from Atwood’s method.”可推知，作者对阿特伍德将元认知应用于研究的做法是赞成的。故选A项。
题干:
Parents often think that their kids should be good at studies and do well in sports.That’s usually the case because parents feel that could help their children go to top colleges.However，Melissa and Mark Wimmer think differently.
Their 14-year-old son，Mike，is a prodigy.He is a member of Mensa，which is the world’s top IQ club.He completed his high school，associate’s and bachelor’s degrees all in three years.That’s not all.He also ran two tech companies，and founded a third one that works towards controlling the population of lionfish，an invasive species.
But the parents are proud that they were able to help Mike with his social skills along with his intellectual skills.Melissa told CNBC that people expected “Young Sheldon” before they met her son.Young Sheldon is a television show about a child talent who is an indoor man and lacks social skills.“But once they talk to Mike，they understand that he’s just a normal 14-year-old that happens to be able to do amazing things，” said Melissa.
Mark and Melissa got to know about their child’s intelligence when he entered preschool.A child psychologist told them that their son would need a different course to support his fast development.Many parents aren’t comfortable with putting their children with 18-year-olds，but Mike’s parents saw the value in letting their child go through it.“I wanted him to be social and be able to deal with all the different personalities in the classrooms with older children，” said Melissa.
The parents shared that they were able to do this by letting Mike find his own voice and put it to use.“We let him order food when he’s 3 or 4 from the waiter or waitress and introduce himself to people.Those kinds of things are done to encourage him to engage with everyone else and be more comfortable talking to others outside of our environment，” said Melissa.
Thanks to his parents，Mike has learned to get along with young and old alike.
What does the underlined word “prodigy” in paragraph 2 refer to?
解析:
词义猜测题。根据后文“He is a member of Mensa，which is the world’s top IQ club.He completed his high school，associate’s and bachelor’s degrees all in three years.”可知，Mike的智商很高，很有天赋，所以推知prodigy意为“天才”。故选A项。
What can we infer about the child in the show Young Sheldon?
解析:
推理判断题。根据第三段中“Young Sheldon is a television show about a child talent who is an indoor man and lacks social skills.”可知，谢尔顿不善于与人打交道。故选D项。
How did Mark and Melissa discover their child’s high intelligence?
解析:
细节理解题。根据第四段中“...A child psychologist told them that their son would need a different course to support his fast development.”可知，通过儿童心理学家的建议，马克和梅丽莎知道他们孩子的高智商。故选C项。
How did Mike’s parents improve his social skills?
解析:
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“The parents shared that they were able to do this by letting Mike find his own voice and put it to use...”可知，迈克的父母把他置于社交场合来提高他的社交技能。故选B项。
题干:
Easy Solutions to Stress
Does stress often wear you down？It’s almost impossible to totally avoid stress，but the following tips will help you to get it under control so that it doesn’t take over your life.
Rely on other people
Studies of both animals and humans show that social contact can help you better respond to stress. 1 Avoid people who always need something without giving back or who are always short with you.
2
Leave the house 15 minutes early for appointments，set up a system for paying your bills，refill your daily supplies a week ahead of time and buy birthday cards whenever you see ones you like.A little advance planning can spare you a lot of headaches!
Keep a journal
Reflect on your day，your emotions and your personal goals.While writing them down，include everything that stresses you，so you can start to recognize what your problems are and take appropriate action. 3
Cut your to-do list in half
Most of us set the bar too high.After you’ve written your to-do list，decide what’s most important to you in the long run，then cut the list in half. 4 For example，hire a neighbourhood teenager to water your garden or skip cooking and order takeaway.
Laugh a little
5 Laughter also helps keep your heart，lungs and muscles healthy and build up your resistance(抵抗力)．Plus，it’s nearly impossible to stay tense while you’re laughing.Therefore，find cartoons，videos or TV shows that make you laugh.
解析:
根据本段小标题“Rely on other people”和上文“Studies of both animals and humans show that social contact can help you better respond to stress.”可知，和别人接触能帮助你更好地应对压力，空处应是说因此要多接触别人，F项符合语境，和上文形成因果关系，上下文紧密连接。故选F。
解析:
根据本段内容可知，本段主要讲述将计划提前一些能省去很多麻烦。A项“Avoid last-minute rushes.”与之意思一致，总结该段内容，适合作为小标题。故选A。
解析:
上文“While writing them down，include everything that stresses you，so you can start to recognize what your problems are and take appropriate action.”提到写日记的好处，C项“Writing is also a great way to relax and put things in order.”进一步描述写日记的好处，是对上文的语意递进，上下文紧密连接，符合语境。故选C。
解析:
下文“For example，hire a neighbourhood teenager to water your garden or skip cooking and order takeaway.”是对空处内容的举例说明，故空处是关于让别人帮忙完成任务，D项符合此推断，上下文紧密连接，符合语境。故选D。
解析:
根据下文中的“also”一词可知，空处也是描述笑的好处，选项G项符合此推断，也是描述笑的好处，上下文紧密连接，符合语境。故选G。
题干:
The sun was shining brightly over our heads and sweat (汗水) was pouring off our backs and faces.We stood still without 1 any noise，all hot and tired.But everyone kept standing as straight as trees.
It was 2 that most high schools give to new Senior One students—military (军事的) training.We 3 four days in a closed environment.Although we couldn’t go home at night and the training was 4 and difficult，our humorous young drill sergeant (教官) with a funny accent was a real 5 of our days.We laughed at his jokes，sat in rows singing different songs and 6 him telling true stories about his life.He gave us the feeling that 7 and sweat were not the only things that military training 8 .
After this journey，we were more 9 than we had imagined and we were much braver than we had 10 .Girls who looked pale rested for a little while，then right away came back to the team.Boys who were being punished 11 to the playground at once and began to run.Sweat flowed down our faces when we thought about how to shout 12 than other classes.
Military training taught us perseverance (坚持不懈) and determination.On the last day of our training，the confidence could be 13 on our faces.We shouted so loud that our 14 could be heard across the heavens.With eyes like burning torches (火炬)，we walked into the future.Now the sun is 15 at all of us.
解析:
根据“We stood still”可知，军训时站着不能发出一点声音。make noise“制造噪声”，为固定短语。故选B。
解析:
根据“new Senior One students”及“military(军事的) training”并结合常识可知，军训是高一新生要做的一件事情。故选C。
解析:
根据“four days in a closed environment”可知，学生们在封闭的环境中度过了四天。故选B。
解析:
根据“and difficult”及常识可知，军训是严格的。故选A。
解析:
根据“our humorous young drill sergeant (教官) with a funny accent”可知，年轻幽默的教官给学生们带来了欢乐。故选B。
解析:
根据“telling true stories about his life”可知，学生们是听教官讲述自己生活中的真实故事。故选D。
解析:
根据文章开头的“The sun was shining brightly over our heads and sweat (汗水) was pouring off our backs and faces.”可知，军训不只是日晒和汗水。故选A。
解析:
根据“ and sweat were not the only things”可知， 军训提供的不只是日晒和汗水。故选C。
解析:
根据下一段的“Military training taught us perseverance (坚持不懈) and determination.”可知， 这次军训后，学生们更加坚定和勇敢。故选B。
解析:
根据前文的“than we had imagined”可知，此处是说学生们比预想的更勇敢。故选A。
解析:
根据“at once and began to run”可知，正在被惩罚的男孩快速冲向操场开始跑步。故选D。
解析:
根据“we thought about how to shout”和“than other classes”可知，学生们思考如何喊得比其他班更响亮。故选C。
解析:
根据“on our faces”可知，军训的最后一天，自信在学生们脸上能被看到。故选A。
解析:
根据“We shouted so loud”可知，这里指的是学生们喊出的声音很大。故选D。
解析:
根据“With eyes like burning torches (火炬)，we walked into the future.”可知，军训后学生们更加自信了，充满积极的正能量，感觉阳光正冲着他们微笑。故选D。
单词拼写
1．When you rise to these (挑战)，you will have the opportunity to acquire great knowledge and enjoy personal growth.
2．The experts (推荐) that parents provide opportunities to children to get close to nature and learn how to protect the environment.
3．He likes the classic Chinese (文学作品) very much and spends much time on it.
4． (编者)of newspapers and magazines often go to extremes to provide their readers with unimportant facts and statistics.
5．In addition，a lot of the (内容) posted on social media is shallow or trivial.
6．After Ben g from university，he became an architect in a big company.
7．As the program came to an end，the audience rose up and thunderously applauded the ballet dancer for her graceful m .
8．I p studying in the library because it’s quieter than my noisy dorm room.
9．Our experienced and well-trained staff，professional service，and a strong sense of r have established our fame in the field.
10．It c scientists how these creatures can survive in such tough conditions.
答案: 1.challenges 2.recommend 3.literature 4.Editors 5.content 6.graduated 7.movements 8.prefer 9.responsibility 10.confuses
单句语法填空
1．Social media apps，like TikTok，flood users with videos they like，making them (addict) to the smartphones.
2．As long as you’ve paid advance，you won’t be charged for delivery.
3．Whatever problems you come across，the best (solve) is to struggle for a way out.
4．As they moved north，their clothes，hunting strategies and other (survive) skills continued to improve.
5．The activity is aimed at promoting the students’ awareness of environmental protection，which is scheduled (hold) next Monday in the school campus.
6．The new training program will enable employees (improve) their skills and work more efficiently.
7．This book is suitable readers of all ages due to its universal themes and engaging storytelling.
8．Though people are eager to stay healthy，a study showed people were confused what they should eat to achieve the goal.
9．The new “white bikes” in neighbourhood were not (actual) white but painted in bright colours.
10．Since I first heard English spoken by a British man，I (attract) by the beautiful language.
答案: 1.addicted 2.in 3.solution 4.survival 5.to be held 6.to improve 7.for 8.about 9.actually 10.have been attracted
Xu Zhuoyuan，a 16-year-old girl from Changsha，Hunan Province，made history by becoming the 1. (young) Chinese female to conquer(征服) Qomolangma from the southern slope.The high school student started her exploration to the highest peak in the world in mid-April.After a struggling 10-hour climb，she 2. (successful) reached the summit(最高点) of Qomolangma.
Xu is not 3. stranger to mountain climbing.Her father，the first person from Hunan Province 4. (reach) the summit of Qomolangma，greatly influenced her.She 5.__________(be) on adventurous trips with him since she was a child.By the age of 16，she had already climbed five high hills over 5，000 meters in China.
Even if Xu had rich climbing experience，Xu still prepared for this challenge seriously and looked forward 6. it.She 7. (take) strict and professional training to conquer Qomolangma.She once said on TV，“I will climb Qomolangma.”And she has now fulfilled her promise.
Xu talks about the importance of 8. (respect) nature and values every step toward the summit.She took her father’s gloves 9. were worn during his successful summit adventure，as a witness to her dream coming true.After university，she plans to continue climbing and conquering another seven 10. (mountain) and the North and South Poles.
答案: 1．youngest 2．successfully 3．a 4．to reach 5．has been 6．to 7．took 8．respecting 9．which/that 10．mountains
解析:
1．考查形容词最高级。分析句子结构可知，此处为形容词作定语修饰名词female，空前有定冠词the，并且根据上文made history，可知此处使用形容词的最高级形式。故填youngest。
2．考查副词。分析句子结构可知，此处为副词作状语，修饰动词reached，successful的副词形式为successfully。故填successfully。
3．考查冠词。分析句子结构可知，stranger为可数名词单数，空前无限定词，所以此处使用冠词，结合句意可知，此处表示泛指，所以应使用不定冠词，stranger的首字母发音为辅音音素，所以此处使用不定冠词a。故填a。
4．考查动词不定式。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作定语修饰名词person，因名词前有序数词the first修饰，所以此处使用动词不定式形式。故填to reach。
5．考查动词时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语since she was a child可知，此处应使用现在完成时，be动词与句子主语She之间为主动关系，且主语为第三人称单数。故填has been。
6．考查介词。分析句子结构可知，此处为固定短语look forward to，意为“期待”，符合句意。故填to。
7．考查动词时态。分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词，根据上下文语境可知，此处讲述的是她在征服珠穆朗玛峰前所接受的训练，讲述的是过去的事情，结合上文中的谓语动词prepared和looked可知，此处应使用一般过去时，且take与句子主语之间为主动关系。故填took。
8．考查动名词。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作宾语，介词of后应为动名词形式作宾语，结合句意，此处表示主动意义。故填respecting。
9．考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处为关系词引导的定语从句，从句中缺少主语，所以此处使用关系代词，先行词gloves指的是物，所以此处使用关系代词which或者that。故填which/that。
10．考查名词复数。分析句子结构可知，此处为名词作conquering的宾语，空前有seven修饰，所以此处使用名词复数形式。故填mountains。